Open Access
REVIEW
TAIYANG ZHU1, FANG HUA2,*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.064879
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases)
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder characterized primarily by a progressive decline in cognitive and behavioral functions. The pathogenesis of AD has not been fully elucidated till now. The progesterone receptor (PR) family has recently attracted increasing attention and has become the focus of potential links to factors such as the pathogenesis and pathological changes of AD due to its role in the central nervous system. This article summarizes the progress of research progress on the PR family in AD, including its role in pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, and potential therapeutic strategies. More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chieh-Jen Wu1,#, Yu-He Li2,#, Hsin-Hung Chen3,*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.064071
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Heart-Kidney Interactions: Mechanisms in Metabolic Dysfunction and Organ Injury)
Abstract Background: Serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, playing a crucial role in regulating ion channel function, hormone secretion, cellular growth, survival mechanisms, and neuronal activity. SGK1 is implicated in kidney diseases, hypertension, and metabolic syndromes, influencing salt intake, renal growth, and renal potassium (K+) excretion during mineralocorticoid overdose. Although SGK1’s renal functions have been explored, comprehensive identification of SGK1-related genes and signaling cascades remains limited. Objectives: This research sought to explore the cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways influenced by SGK1 in rat kidney cells. Methods: NRK-52E cells, derived… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
ARTEM P. GUREEV1, IRINA S. SADOVNIKOVA1, EKATERINA V. CHERNYSHOVA1, EKATERINA P. KRUTSKIKH1, IRINA B. PEVZNER2, LJUBAVA D. ZOROVA2, VERONIKA V. NESTEROVA1, POLINA I. BABENKOVA1, EGOR Y. PLOTNIKOV2,*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063557
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Autophagy and Aging: Mechanisms and Implications)
Abstract Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. Aims: To investigate mitochondrial damage and the effects of resveratrol on inflammation, cognitive function, and mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice. Methods: Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage was conducted between 10-month-old APP/PS1 mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice. Assessments included measurement of amyloid-β levels, inflammatory markers, swimming distance in the Morris water maze, and gut microbiome composition. Resveratrol’s effects on cytokine expression, mtDNA levels in plasma, and… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Gloria Krajnc1, Lara Metlika2, Uroš Potočnik1,2,3, Boris Gole2,*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063486
Abstract Vedolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody and one of the safest biologics for the treatment of
both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. It targets the α4β7 integrin
and blocks leukocyte trafficking to the gut. Regardless of its efficacy in many patients, non-response to vedolizumab
treatment poses a significant clinical challenge. In this review, we synthesize recent findings on genomic, transcriptomic,
proteomic, and cellular biomarkers of vedolizumab response, emphasizing their roles in predicting therapeutic outcomes and understanding non-responsiveness. Key insights include the identification of epigenetic and transcriptomic
signatures, the involvement of More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Alexander Blagov1,*, Michael Bukrinsky2, Aleksandra Utkina3, Gulalek Babayeva4, Vasily Sukhorukov1, Alexander Orekhov5
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062821
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Molecular Basis for the Involvement of Inflammation and Lipids in Pathologies)
Abstract Eosinophils are multifunctional granulocytes that contribute to the initiation and modulation of inflammation. Accumulating evidence suggests that eosinophils are adaptable leukocytes that orchestrate the resolution of inflammatory responses. The most prevalent chronic inflammatory illness, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is typified by persistent synovitis that makes it hard for the disease to go away on its own. Interestingly, a unique subset of eosinophils known as regulatory eosinophils has been found in RA patients’ synovium, especially while the disease is in remission. Pro-resolving signatures of regulatory eosinophils in the synovium are distinct from those of their lung counterparts. More >
Open Access
REVIEW
SIARHEI A. DABRAVOLSKI1,*, MICHAEL I. BUKRINSKY2, ALEKSANDRA S. UTKINA3, ALESSIO L. RAVANI4, VASILY N. SUKHORUKOV5,6, ALEXANDER N. OREKHOV7
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062789
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Molecular Basis for the Involvement of Inflammation and Lipids in Pathologies)
Abstract Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) have emerged as critical players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD). These web-like structures, composed of DNA, histones, and granule proteins released by neutrophils, contribute significantly to both inflammation and thrombosis. This manuscript offers a comprehensive review of the recent literature on the involvement of NET in atherosclerosis, highlighting their interactions with various pathophysiological processes and their potential as biomarkers for CVD. Notably, the impact of radiation on NET formation is explored, emphasising how oxidative stress and inflammatory responses drive NET release, contributing to plaque instability. The… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
MEI HUANG, ZHENYU ZHANG, YUQI LUO, YUQI WU, DAN PAN, YU ZHOU*, XIAOBO LUO, YUCHEN JIANG*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062918
Abstract This review explores the pivotal role of circadian rhythm regulators, particularly the PER genes, in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). As key constituents of the biological clock, PERs exhibit a downregulated expression pattern in OSCC, and the expression levels of PERs in OSCC patients are correlated with a favorable prognosis. PERs impact the occurrence and development of OSCC through multiple pathways. In the regulation of cell proliferation, they can function not only through cell cycle regulation but also via metabolic pathways. For example, PER1 can interact with receptors for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) and… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Iman Ezzat, Marisa Zallocchi*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062325
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Extracellular Matrix in Development and Disease)
Abstract Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate bidirectional interactions between the intracellular cytoskeletal array and the extracellular matrix. These interactions are critical in tissue development and function by regulating gene expression and sustaining tissue architecture. In humans, the integrin family is composed of 18 alpha (α) and 8 beta (β) subunits, constituting 24 distinct αβ combinations. Based on their structure and ligand-binding properties, only a subset of integrins, 8 out of 24, recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) tripeptide motif in the native ligand. One of the major RGD binding integrins is integrin alpha 8 beta 1 More >
Open Access
MINI REVIEW
Federico Licastro*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062303
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases)
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease causing the most frequent form of dementia in old age. AD etiology is still uncertain and deposition of abnormal proteins in the brain along with chronic neuroinflammation have been suggested as pathogenic mechanisms of neuronal death. Infections by exogenous neurotropic virus, endogenous retrovirus reactivation, infections by other microbes, and air pollutants may either induce neurodegeneration or activate brain inflammation. Up to 8% of the human genome has a retroviral origin. These ancient retroviruses, also called human endogenous retroviruses, are associated with a clinical history of several neurodegenerative diseases.… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
CARLOS ALFONSO FLORES-GUTIéRREZ1, ERANDIS DHENI TORRES-SáNCHEZ1, EMMANUEL REYES-URIBE1, JUAN HERIBERTO TORRES-JASSO2, JOEL SALAZAR-FLORES1,*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062225
Abstract Pesticides are chemical substances used to eliminate various pests. Currently, more than two million tons of pesticides are used annually in developing and developed countries. One of the chronic diseases associated with pesticide poisoning is diabetes. This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved in the development of diabetes after pesticide poisoning. Relevant information was collected between January and May 2024, using databases such as PubMed, Google Academic, and Elsevier. Pesticides reduce the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the intestine, thereby decreasing the release of insulin. Moreover, pesticides are metabolized to acetic More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Anton Tkachenko*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063301
Abstract Ferroptosis is an iron-driven, phospholipid hydroperoxide-mediated cell death, which has recently emerged as an attractive tool in cancer research due to its ability to govern the anti-tumor immune response. A growing research interest in ferroptosis biology has revealed the contribution of this regulated cell death to multiple diseases. In addition to iron, ferroptosis has been reported to be triggered by multiple heavy metals, which sheds light on the novel aspects of heavy metals-induced cytotoxicity. In this review, the ability of zinc, an essential biogenic element with a wide array of biological functions, to modulate ferroptosis… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Dmitriy Vladimirovich Karpenko*
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062791
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Exploring the Role of Cancer Stem Cells)
Abstract Cancer is a highly heterogeneous pathology that poses a significant threat to millions of lives worldwide. In recent decades, there has been a substantial advancement in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying oncogenesis. Contemporary models now take into account the intricate interplay between cancer cells, immune cells, and other non-pathological cells during oncogenesis. The identification of small subpopulations of cancer stem cells has emerged as a crucial area of research, as these cells have been associated with cancer progression and resistance to various therapeutic interventions. The ability to distinguish between cancer stem cells and non-pathological… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Xiaobing Li1,2, Yongsheng Liu1, Limin Wei1, Li Rao1, Jingxin Mao1,, Xuemei Li3,
BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062124
Abstract Yeast-based models have become a powerful platform in pharmaceutical research, offering signicant
potential for producing complex drugs, vaccines, and therapeutic agents. While many current drugs were discovered
before fully understanding their molecular mechanisms, yeastsystems now provide valuable insightsfor drug discovery
and personalized medicine. Recent advancements in genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology
have improved the efficiency and scalability of yeast-based production systems, enabling more sustainable and costeffective
manufacturing processes. This paper reviews the latest developments in yeast-based technologies, focusing
on their use as model organisms to study disease mechanisms, identify drug targets, and develop… More >
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